What may be a consequence of excessive protein intake for athletes?

Excessive protein intake can indeed place stress on kidney function, particularly in individuals with underlying kidney issues. The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products from protein metabolism, including substances like urea. When protein intake is significantly higher than the body's needs, it can lead to an increased workload on the kidneys, resulting in potential long-term damage or exacerbation of pre-existing kidney conditions.

While athletes sometimes believe that higher protein intake can enhance performance and recovery, if this intake substantially exceeds what is necessary for muscle repair and recovery, it may impair renal function over time. This is particularly important for athletes to consider since the kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining overall homeostasis and metabolic functions.

The other choices do not align with the potential consequences of excessive protein intake. High protein has little to do with hydration levels and can even lead to dehydration if not accompanied by adequate fluid intake. Moreover, lower body fat percentage and improved cardiovascular health are typically associated with balanced diets, regular exercise, and not merely with increased protein intake. Thus, the focus on kidney health in the context of excessive protein consumption is a critical takeaway for athletes looking to optimize their performance without risking their long-term health.