Which foods should athletes avoid before competition due to potential gastrointestinal discomfort?

Athletes should be cautious about consuming high-fiber and high-fat foods before competition due to the potential for gastrointestinal discomfort. High-fiber foods, such as whole grains, beans, and certain fruits and vegetables, can lead to bloating, gas, and cramping, which can be detrimental during competition. Fiber promotes digestive health but can also speed up intestinal motility, which may not be ideal when intense physical activity is involved.

Similarly, high-fat foods—like fried items, nuts, or fatty cuts of meat—are digested more slowly and can cause feelings of heaviness or sluggishness. Fatty foods may also lead to gastrointestinal distress, including nausea or discomfort, especially when combined with the physical demands of sports performance.

In contrast, low-calorie and low-fat foods are typically easier to digest and can often provide the simple carbohydrates needed for quick energy without the burden of heavy digestion. Hydrated foods, while beneficial for hydration, don't universally cause gastrointestinal issues and can be included in pre-competition meals, assuming they’re not high in fiber or fat.

Overall, avoiding high-fiber and high-fat foods before competition helps athletes maintain comfort and focus on their performance without the distraction of digestive discomfort.